In the terminal run: defaults write com.apple.dt.Xcode DVTEnableCoreDevice enabled
I was unable to debug iOS 17 using Xcode 14.2, but with Xcode 14.3.1, I was able to do so using this method. Thank you very much for this very helpful information.
I have Xcode 15 beta installed alongside Xcode 14, I'm not sure if that's required or not.